with(['assignee', 'project']) ->get(); foreach ($overdueTasks as $task) { // Notify assignee if ($task->assignee) { $task->assignee->notify(new TaskOverdueNotification($task)); } // Notify creator (if different from assignee) if ($task->creator && $task->creator->id !== $task->assignee?->id) { $task->creator->notify(new TaskOverdueNotification($task)); } } } }