feat(issues): tipo/categoría de incidencia (defecto/seguridad/calidad/documentación/otro)

- Issue::TYPES + typeLabels() (ES) + accessors type_label/type_color; columna type
  (string, default 'other') + fillable.
- IssueForm: select "Tipo de incidencia" con validación/carga/guardado.
- IssueTable: columna Tipo (badge) + SelectFilter por tipo.
- IssueDetail: badge de tipo en la cabecera.
- Sync offline: issue.create/update aceptan type; bundle (mapIssue) lo incluye.

Tests: IssuesEnhancementsTest (create muestra el campo vía HTTP, edición persiste) +
MobileApiTest (create con type). Suite 61 passing (solo 2 pre-existentes sqlite).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/ProjectApiController.php

@@ -175,6 +175,7 @@ class ProjectApiController extends Controller
         return [
             'id' => $i->id, 'feature_id' => $i->feature_id, 'title' => $i->title,
             'description' => $i->description, 'status' => $i->status, 'priority' => $i->priority,
+            'type' => $i->type,
             'reported_by' => $i->reported_by, 'assigned_to' => $i->assigned_to,
             'resolved_at' => $i->resolved_at?->toIso8601String(), 'updated_at' => $i->updated_at?->toIso8601String(),
         ];

app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/SyncController.php

@@ -189,6 +189,7 @@ class SyncController extends Controller
             'description' => ['nullable', 'string'],
             'priority'    => ['nullable', 'in:' . implode(',', Issue::PRIORITIES)],
             'status'      => ['nullable', 'in:' . implode(',', Issue::STATUSES)],
+            'type'        => ['nullable', 'in:' . implode(',', Issue::TYPES)],
         ]);
         if ($v->fails()) {
             return $this->error($uuid, 'validation: ' . $v->errors()->first());
@@ -208,6 +209,7 @@ class SyncController extends Controller
             'description'       => $d['description'] ?? null,
             'priority'          => $d['priority'] ?? 'medium',
             'status'            => $d['status'] ?? 'open',
+            'type'              => $d['type'] ?? 'other',
             'reported_by'       => $user->id,
             'client_updated_at' => $op['client_updated_at'] ?? null,
         ]);
@@ -223,6 +225,7 @@ class SyncController extends Controller
             'description'      => ['nullable', 'string'],
             'priority'         => ['nullable', 'in:' . implode(',', Issue::PRIORITIES)],
             'status'           => ['nullable', 'in:' . implode(',', Issue::STATUSES)],
+            'type'             => ['nullable', 'in:' . implode(',', Issue::TYPES)],
             'assigned_to'      => ['nullable', 'integer', 'exists:users,id'],
             'resolution_notes' => ['nullable', 'string'],
         ]);

app/Livewire/IssueForm.php

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ class IssueForm extends Component
     public $description = '';
     public $status = 'open';
     public $priority = 'medium';
+    public $type = 'defect';
     public $assignedTo = '';
     public $resolutionNotes = '';
 
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ class IssueForm extends Component
             $this->description     = $issue->description ?? '';
             $this->status          = $issue->status;
             $this->priority        = $issue->priority;
+            $this->type            = $issue->type ?? 'defect';
             $this->assignedTo      = $issue->assigned_to ?? '';
             $this->resolutionNotes = $issue->resolution_notes ?? '';
             $this->featureId       = $issue->feature_id;
@@ -77,6 +79,7 @@ class IssueForm extends Component
             'description'     => 'nullable|string',
             'status'          => 'required|in:' . implode(',', Issue::STATUSES),
             'priority'        => 'required|in:' . implode(',', Issue::PRIORITIES),
+            'type'            => 'required|in:' . implode(',', Issue::TYPES),
             'assignedTo'      => 'nullable|exists:users,id',
             'resolutionNotes' => 'nullable|string',
         ];
@@ -92,6 +95,7 @@ class IssueForm extends Component
             'description'      => $this->description,
             'status'           => $this->status,
             'priority'         => $this->priority,
+            'type'             => $this->type,
             'feature_id'       => $this->featureId,
             'inspection_id'    => $this->inspectionId,
             'assigned_to'      => $this->assignedTo ?: null,

app/Livewire/IssueTable.php

@@ -91,6 +91,12 @@ class IssueTable extends DataTableComponent
                   })
                   ->html(),
 
+            Column::make('Tipo', 'type')
+                  ->sortable()
+                  ->format(fn ($value, $row) =>
+                      '<span class="badge badge-sm" style="background-color:'.$row->type_color.';color:#fff;border-color:transparent;">'.e($row->type_label).'</span>')
+                  ->html(),
+
             Column::make('Feature')
                   ->label(fn ($row) => $row->feature
                       ? '<span class="badge badge-outline badge-sm">'.e($row->feature->name).'</span>'
@@ -185,6 +191,10 @@ class IssueTable extends DataTableComponent
                     'low'      => 'Baja',
                 ])
                 ->filter(fn (Builder $query, string $value) => $query->where('issues.priority', $value)),
+
+            SelectFilter::make('Tipo', 'type')
+                ->options(['' => 'Tipo: todos'] + \App\Models\Issue::typeLabels())
+                ->filter(fn (Builder $query, string $value) => $query->where('issues.type', $value)),
         ];
     }
 

app/Models/Issue.php

@@ -12,10 +12,11 @@ class Issue extends Model
 
     const STATUSES   = ['open', 'in_review', 'resolved', 'closed'];
     const PRIORITIES = ['low', 'medium', 'high', 'critical'];
+    const TYPES      = ['defect', 'safety', 'quality', 'documentation', 'other'];
 
     protected $fillable = [
         'project_id', 'feature_id', 'inspection_id',
-        'title', 'description', 'status', 'priority',
+        'title', 'description', 'status', 'priority', 'type',
         'reported_by', 'assigned_to', 'resolved_at', 'resolution_notes',
         'uuid', 'client_updated_at',
     ];
@@ -71,4 +72,32 @@ class Issue extends Model
             default     => '#6b7280',
         };
     }
+
+    /** Human label (Spanish) for each issue type. */
+    public static function typeLabels(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'defect'        => 'Defecto',
+            'safety'        => 'Seguridad',
+            'quality'       => 'Calidad',
+            'documentation' => 'Documentación',
+            'other'         => 'Otro',
+        ];
+    }
+
+    public function getTypeLabelAttribute(): string
+    {
+        return self::typeLabels()[$this->type] ?? ucfirst((string) $this->type);
+    }
+
+    public function getTypeColorAttribute(): string
+    {
+        return match($this->type) {
+            'defect'        => '#ef4444',
+            'safety'        => '#f97316',
+            'quality'       => '#0ea5e9',
+            'documentation' => '#8b5cf6',
+            default         => '#6b7280',
+        };
+    }
 }

database/migrations/2026_06_18_140000_add_type_to_issues_table.php

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('issues', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->string('type', 30)->default('other')->after('priority');
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('issues', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->dropColumn('type');
+        });
+    }
+};

resources/views/livewire/issues/issue-detail.blade.php

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
             <div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 mt-2">
                 <span class="badge badge-sm" style="background-color: {{ $issue->status_color }}; color:#fff; border:0;">{{ $statusLabel }}</span>
                 <span class="badge badge-sm" style="background-color: {{ $issue->priority_color }}; color:#fff; border:0;">Prioridad: {{ $priorityLabel }}</span>
+                <span class="badge badge-sm" style="background-color: {{ $issue->type_color }}; color:#fff; border:0;">{{ $issue->type_label }}</span>
                 @if($issue->feature)
                     <span class="badge badge-outline badge-sm">{{ $issue->feature->name }}</span>
                 @endif

resources/views/livewire/issues/issue-form.blade.php

@@ -80,6 +80,22 @@
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
+                {{-- Tipo / categoría --}}
+                <div class="form-control">
+                    <label class="label">
+                        <span class="label-text font-medium">Tipo de incidencia <span class="text-error">*</span></span>
+                    </label>
+                    <select wire:model="type"
+                            class="select select-bordered w-full @error('type') select-error @enderror">
+                        @foreach(\App\Models\Issue::typeLabels() as $value => $label)
+                            <option value="{{ $value }}">{{ $label }}</option>
+                        @endforeach
+                    </select>
+                    @error('type')
+                        <label class="label"><span class="label-text-alt text-error">{{ $message }}</span></label>
+                    @enderror
+                </div>
+
                 {{-- Asignado a --}}
                 <div class="form-control">
                     <label class="label"><span class="label-text font-medium">Asignado a</span></label>

tests/Feature/Api/MobileApiTest.php

@@ -321,11 +321,12 @@ class MobileApiTest extends TestCase
         $uuid = (string) Str::uuid();
         $this->postJson('/api/v1/sync', ['operations' => [[
             'entity' => 'issue', 'op' => 'create', 'uuid' => $uuid,
-            'data' => ['project_id' => $project->id, 'title' => 'Grieta', 'priority' => 'high'],
+            'data' => ['project_id' => $project->id, 'title' => 'Grieta', 'priority' => 'high', 'type' => 'safety'],
         ]]])->assertOk()->assertJsonPath('results.0.status', 'applied');
 
         $issue = Issue::where('uuid', $uuid)->firstOrFail();
         $this->assertEquals('open', $issue->status);
+        $this->assertEquals('safety', $issue->type);
 
         // update (resolve) → resolved_at set
         $this->postJson('/api/v1/sync', ['operations' => [[

tests/Feature/IssuesEnhancementsTest.php

@@ -183,6 +183,31 @@ class IssuesEnhancementsTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertNotNull($task->fresh()->overdue_notified_at);
     }
 
+    // ── Issue type / category ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    public function test_create_form_shows_the_type_field(): void
+    {
+        $this->actingAs($this->user)
+            ->get(route('projects.issues.create', $this->project))
+            ->assertOk()
+            ->assertSee('Tipo de incidencia')
+            ->assertSee('Defecto')
+            ->assertSee('Seguridad');
+    }
+
+    public function test_editing_an_issue_persists_the_type(): void
+    {
+        $issue = $this->makeIssue(['type' => 'defect']);
+
+        Livewire::actingAs($this->user)
+            ->test(IssueForm::class, ['project' => $this->project, 'issue' => $issue])
+            ->assertSet('type', 'defect')
+            ->set('type', 'safety')
+            ->call('save');
+
+        $this->assertEquals('safety', $issue->fresh()->type);
+    }
+
     // ── Report issue from a map feature ──────────────────────────────────────────
 
     public function test_issue_form_prelinks_feature_from_query(): void